On Feb. 13, Judge Ali issued an order requiring agencies to release funds for any “contracts, grants, cooperative agreements, loans or other federal foreign assistance award that was in existence as of Jan. 19,” the day before Mr. Trump took office.

The funding freeze touched off a flurry of lawsuits from nonprofits and aid groups who said the White House had engaged in an overreach of its executive power.

Foreign aid organizations asked the U.S. Supreme Court on Friday to require President Donald Trump's administration to promptly pay them for work they already performed for the government, as a federal judge had ordered.