When seawater penetrates concrete in road tunnels, a biofilm is formed that breaks down the concrete. This can lead to high ...

Since 2014, researchers studying the Oslofjord tunnel have observed that bacteria can erode up to one centimeter of concrete annually. When a saltwater intrusion occurs, biofilms ...

Understanding, finding and deploying strategies to mitigate stress corrosion cracking (SCC) and hydrogen embrittlement (HE) are ...

The contact between MXene and polymer in such hybrid composites is reinforced by electrostatic interactions, strong covalent bond, hydrogen bonds, and van der Waals forces. Furthermore, accumulation ...