Polymerase chain reaction, or PCR, is a laboratory technique used to make multiple copies of a segment of DNA. PCR is very precise and can be used to amplify, or copy, a specific DNA target from a ...

Biology lectures teach students that when a cell’s replication machinery comes together, DNA polymerase takes off down the double-helix like a car on a highway ...

Once transcription is initiated, the DNA double helix unwinds and RNA polymerase reads the template strand, adding nucleotides to the 3′ end of the growing chain (Figure 2b). At a temperature of ...

The double helix unwinds, and each strand serves as a template for the synthesis of a new complementary strand. DNA polymerase enzymes facilitate this process, ensuring accurate copying of the genetic ...

Forensic DNA profiling uses polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to amplify short tandem repeats (STRs), which are highly variable DNA regions, typically with four repeating bases. This variability helps ...

DNA transcription is the vital first step needed for switching on our genes. For a gene to be switched on, it must be acted upon by an enzyme called RNA polymerase. This is a molecular machine which ...

Because this process was extremely time consuming and required a great deal of DNA, new methods like polymerase chain reaction and amplified fragment length polymorphism have been employed.The ...

Enzymes called RNA polymerases transcribe DNA into RNA. RNA is the intermediary that carries ... types of RNA polymerases that can transcribe different types of RNA. RNA polymerase II, shown here, is ...

How cells respond to mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage is not fully understood. This study uncovers a mechanism of mtDNA clearance following damage, driven by the exonuclease activity of the mtDNA ...