“It breaks our doctrine that the inner-shell electrons never react, never enter the chemistry domain,” says Mao-sheng Miao, a chemist at the University of California, Santa Barbara, and the ...

The inner shell electrons, called core electrons, are used for self-stabilization and do not interact with other atoms. On the other hand, the outer electrons, or valence electrons, ...

"The electron dynamics in the inner shells of atoms are of particular interest, because they result from a complex interplay between many electrons that interact with each other," as Bergues explains.

(Phys.org) -- In experiments resembling an atomic-scale shooting gallery, researchers are pioneering a new method for chemical analysis by zapping the innermost electrons out of atoms with ...

Owing to several Auger relaxation channels, the energy spectrum of the ejected electrons usually contains a number of Auger lines. Further, several photo lines originating from atomic shells with ...

The inner shell electrons, called core electrons, are used for self-stabilization and do not interact with other atoms. On the other hand, the outer electrons, or valence electrons, define most of the ...

In 2012, a neon soft-X-ray laser at 14.6 Å was produced by using sub-kilovolt XFEL pulses to pump the K-shell electrons of neon atoms 7. Stimulated radiation from a solid surface was also ...

Because inner-shell electrons are held very tightly, powerful X-ray pulses, like those from X-ray free-electron lasers (XFEL), are required to excite enough of them simultaneously to result in lasing.

The inner shell electrons, called core electrons, are used for self-stabilization and do not interact with other atoms. On the other hand, the outer electrons, or valence electrons, ...

The inner shell electrons, called core electrons, are used for self-stabilization and do not interact with other atoms. On the other hand, the outer electrons, or valence electrons, ...