Now-a-days, distributed databases have taken concentration in the database research. Data distribution and replication offer opportunities for improving performance through parallel query execution ...

Collaborative editing systems have evolved into a vital component of distributed computing, facilitating real-time, multi-user interaction across diverse applications such as text processing, computer ...

Transactional memory systems represent a paradigm shift in concurrent programming by abstracting low-level lock management and enabling sequences of operations to be executed as atomic transactions.

As the people know, eXtensible Markup Language (XML) has become a standard for data exchange in many fields of application. So, a huge amount of data in this format is spread around Web and is stored ...