Some biofilms are found in extremely toxic environments and others act as the workhorse of man-made systems. Below are a few examples of the wide array of environments in which biofilms thrive.

Bacterial cells growing in biofilms are physiologically distinct from free-swimming planktonic cells. For example, differences have been shown in motility, polysaccharide production, antibiotic ...

For example, proteins form complexes, while accumulation of minerals templated by organic extracellular matrix may lead to biomineralization of biofilms such as the formation of hardened plaque on ...

“Microplastics are like rafts — a bacteria on its own might not be able to swim down a river, but riding in its biofilm on a tiny bit of plastic it can be disseminated into many different ...

Examples of EPS's function include intercellular ... The EPS constitutes the functional interactions on which the evolutional ...